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Kaplinsky, Raphael --- "Two Scientists for Every Man, Woman and Dog in America? How Sustainable is Globalisation?" [2009] ELECD 392; in Yueh, Linda (ed), "The Law and Economics of Globalisation" (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009)

Book Title: The Law and Economics of Globalisation

Editor(s): Yueh, Linda

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

ISBN (hard cover): 9781845421953

Section: Chapter 10

Section Title: Two Scientists for Every Man, Woman and Dog in America? How Sustainable is Globalisation?

Author(s): Kaplinsky, Raphael

Number of pages: 20

Extract:

10. Two scientists for every man,
woman and dog in America?
How sustainable is globalisation?
Raphael Kaplinsky

INTRODUCTION

In 1957, at a high point in the Cold War, the Russians launched the first
satellite ­ the Sputnik. The fact that the Russians had got into space first
came as a great shock to the Americans, who responded with a crash
investment programme in the training of scientists and technologists.
Jahoda calculated that if this increase in human resource investment had
been sustained over the decades, by 1992 there would be two scientists for
every man, woman and dog in America (Jahoda 1973).
The first decade of the twenty-first century feels a little like 1957. To
many it appears as if the momentum of globalisation is unstoppable.
But a moment's reflection suggests that a more cautionary attitude is in
order. For one thing, the spread of globalisation is uneven. It is true that
there has been an accelerating removal of barriers to trade (especially in
manufactures) and the cross-border flow of capital and that this has been
associated with a deepening in the breadth and intensity of economic inte-
gration. However, many barriers to cross-border integration persist, not
least in controls over the flow of people, especially those with little educa-
tion and skills. There is also little sign of the withering away of the nation
state, although its functions and purview are nevertheless in a state of flux
(Weiss 2002). For another thing, the idea that globalisation ...


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