Commonwealth Numbered Regulations

1994 No. 143 CUSTOMS (PROHIBITED EXPORTS) REGULATIONS (AMENDMENT) - REG 2

Omit the Schedule, substitute:
                            "SCHEDULE 9                Regulation 11

NUCLEAR-SPECIFIC GOODS
(EXPORTATION PROHIBITED EXCEPT ON PRODUCTION OF APPROVAL
UNDER REGULATION 11)
PART 1-INTERPRETATION 1.1 In this Schedule:
'criticality' means a condition where a sufficient quantity of fissile
material is assembled in the right arrangement for a self-sustaining fission
reaction to take place;
'high strength to density ratio materials' includes any of the following
materials:

   (a)  maraging steel capable of an ultimate tensile strength of at least
        2.05 x 10 9 N/m2; or

   (b)  aluminium alloys capable of at least an ultimate tensile strength of
        0.46 x 10 9 N/m2; or

   (c)  filamentary materials suitable for use in composite structures and
        having:

        (i)    a specific modulus of at least 12.3 x 10 6m; and

        (ii)   a specific ultimate tensile strength of at least 0.3 x 10 6m.
'UF6 -resistant materials' means materials resistant to corrosion by uranium
hexafluoride and includes:

   (a)  stainless steel; and

   (b)  aluminium, aluminium alloys and aluminium oxide; and

   (c)  nickel; and

   (d)  alloys containing more than 60% by weight of nickel; and

   (e)  fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers resistant to corrosion by
        uranium hexafluoride.
PART 2-SOURCE MATERIAL AND SPECIAL FISSIONABLE MATERIAL 2.1 Source material,
as follows:

   (a)  uranium containing the mixture of isotopes occurring in nature;

   (b)  uranium depleted in the isotope 235;

   (c)  thorium;

   (d)  any of the materials mentioned in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) in the
        form of metal, alloy, chemical compound, ore or concentrate, including
        monazite; but not including:

   (e)  thorium alloys containing less than 1.5% by weight of thorium; or

   (f)  any of the materials mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (d) when contained
        in medicinals. 2.2 Special fissionable material as follows:

   (a)  plutonium-239;

   (b)  uranium-233;

   (c)  material containing any of the materials referred to in paragraphs (a)
        and (b);

   (d)  uranium containing either or both of the isotopes 235 and 233 if the
        abundance ratio of that isotope, or the sum of those isotopes, to the
        isotope 238 is more than the ratio of isotope 235 to the isotope 238
        occurring in nature (isotopic ratio: 0.71%); but not including:

   (e)  plutonium with an isotopic concentration of plutonium-238 exceeding
        80%; or

   (f)  any of the materials mentioned in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) when
        used in quantities of 1 gram or less as a sensing component in
        instruments; or

   (g)  any of the materials mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (d) when contained
        in medicinals. 2.3 Other fissionable materials, as follows:

   (a)  americium-242;

   (b)  curium-245;

   (c)  curium-247;

   (d)  californium-249;

   (e)  californium-251;

   (f)  compounds, alloys and mixtures of any of the materials to which
        paragraphs (a) to (e) apply; in quantities greater, either singly or
        in combination, than 0.1 g (or 0.3 g when contained in a sensing
        component or sensing instrument).
PART 3-NUCLEAR REACTORS AND RELATED EQUIPMENT 3.1 Complete nuclear reactors
capable of maintaining a controlled self-sustaining fission chain reaction.
3.2 Reactor pressure vessels and related parts, as follows:

   (a)  complete reactor pressure vessels and major shop-fabricated parts
        (such as a top plate) for reactor pressure vessels, that are:

        (i)    constructed of metal; and

        (ii)   especially designed or prepared to contain the core of a
               nuclear reactor; and

        (iii)  capable of withstanding the operating pressure of the primary
               coolant; and

   (b)  major components suitable for the operation of a nuclear reactor,
        including:

        (i)    core support structures; and

        (ii)   thermal shields; and

        (iii)  baffles; and

        (iv)   core grid plates; and

        (v)    diffuser plates. 3.3 Machines for charging and discharging
               reactor fuel, being:

   (a)  machines that are:

        (i)    especially designed or prepared for inserting fuel in, or
               removing fuel from, a nuclear reactor; and

        (ii)   capable of on-load operation; or

   (b)  machines that employ technically sophisticated positioning or
        alignment features to allow complex off-load fuelling operations where
        direct viewing of, or access, to the fuel is not normally available.
        3.4 Rods, including the support or suspension structures, especially
        designed or prepared for controlling the reaction rate in a nuclear
        reactor. 3.5 Reactor pressure tubes especially designed or prepared to
        contain fuel elements and the primary coolant in a nuclear reactor at
        an operating pressure exceeding 5.1 MPa. 3.6 Zirconium tubes
        comprising metal and alloys in the form of tubes, or assemblies of
        tubes, that:

   (a)  are especially designed or prepared for use in a nuclear reactor; and

   (b)  have a composition in which the ratio of hafnium to zirconium is less
        than 1:500 by weight. 3.7 Primary coolant pumps especially designed or
        prepared to circulate liquid metal as primary coolant for nuclear
        reactors. 3.8 Heat exchangers especially designed or prepared for use
        in a nuclear reactor. 3.9 Simulators especially designed for nuclear
        reactors. 3.10 Ultrasonic test equipment, or eddy current test
        equipment, especially designed for nuclear reactors.
PART 4-NON-NUCLEAR MATERIALS FOR REACTORS 4.1 Deuterium, and deuterium
materials, for use in a nuclear reactor, as follows:

   (a)  deuterium;

   (b)  heavy water (deuterium oxide);

   (c)  compounds, mixtures and solutions containing deuterium in which the
        ratio of deuterium atoms to hydrogen atoms exceeds 1:5000. 4.2
        Nuclear-grade graphite, being graphite that:

   (a)  has a purity level greater than 5 parts per million boron equivalent;
        and

   (b)  has a density greater than 1.50 g/cm3.
PART 5-PLANTS FOR THE REPROCESSING OF IRRADIATED
NUCLEAR FUEL ELEMENTS AND RELATED EQUIPMENT 5.1 Remotely-operated machines
that are:

   (a)  especially designed or prepared to cut, chop or shear irradiated
        nuclear fuel elements (in the form of assemblies, bundles or rods);
        and

   (b)  especially designed or prepared for use in a reprocessing plant. 5.2
        Dissolvers in the form of critically-safe tanks (including
        small-diameter, annular or slab tanks) that:

   (a)  are especially designed for, or capable of, use in a reprocessing
        plant; and

   (b)  are capable of use for dissolution of irradiated nuclear fuel; and

   (c)  can be both loaded and maintained by remote control. 5.3 Solvent
        extractors and related equipment especially designed or prepared for
        use in a plant for the reprocessing of irradiated fuel. 5.4 Chemical
        storage vessels especially designed or prepared for use in a plant for
        the reprocessing of irradiated fuel, being vessels that:

   (a)  are fabricated of high-quality materials (such as low-carbon steels,
        titanium or zirconium) that are resistant to the corrosive effect of
        nitric acid; and

   (b)  are designed for remote operation and maintenance; and

   (c)  have the following characteristics for control of nuclear criticality:

        (i)    walls or internal structures with a boron equivalent of at
               least 2%; or

        (ii)   a maximum diameter of 175 mm for cylindrical vessels; or

        (iii)  a maximum width of 75 mm for either a slab or annular vessel.
               5.5 Plant and equipment especially designed or prepared for the
               conversion of plutonium nitrate to plutonium oxide, being plant
               and equipment adapted, in particular, so as to:

   (a)  avoid criticality and radiation effects; and

   (b)  minimise toxicity hazards. 5.6 Plant and equipment especially designed
        or prepared for the production of plutonium metal, being plant and
        equipment adapted, in particular, so as to:

   (a)  avoid criticality and radiation effects; and

   (b)  minimise toxicity hazards.
PART 6-PLANT AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE FABRICATION OF
REACTOR FUEL ELEMENTS 6.1 Plant and equipment for the fabrication of reactor
fuel elements, including equipment that:

   (a)  normally comes in direct contact with, or directly processes or
        controls, the production flow of nuclear material; or

   (b)  seals the nuclear material within the cladding.
PART 7-PLANT AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE SEPARATION OF
ISOTOPES OF URANIUM 7.1 Gas centrifuges for the separation of isotopes of
uranium, and assemblies for them, that are constructed from high strength to
density ratio materials, and components especially designed or prepared for
use in gas centrifuges of that kind, as follows:

   (a)  rotating components, as follows:

        (i)    rotor assemblies (whether completely or partially assembled):

                (A)  constructed with thin-walled cylinders, or a number of
                     inter-connected thin-walled cylinders; and

                (B)  manufactured from a high strength to density ratio
                     material;

        (ii)   rotor tubes, being cylinders:

                (A)  with a wall thickness of not more than 12 mm; and

                (B)  with an external diameter from at least 75 mm and up to
                     400 mm; and

                (C)  manufactured from a high strength to density ratio
                     material;

        (iii)  rings or bellows to give localised support to a rotor tube, or
               join together a number of joined rotor tubes, where the
               bellows:

                (A)  is a short cylinder with a wall thickness not greater
                     that 3 mm:

                (B)  has an external diameter from at least 75 mm and up to
                     400 mm; and

                (C)  is manufactured from a high strength to density ratio
                     material;

        (iv)   baffles which:

                (A)  comprise disc-shaped components from 75 mm to 400 mm in
                     diameter; and

                (B)  are designed to isolate the take-off chamber from the
                     main separation chamber; and

                (C)  are designed to assist the circulation of uranium
                     hexafluoride gas within the main separation chamber of
                     the rotor tube; and

                (D)  are manufactured from a high strength to density ratio
                     material;

        (v)    top caps and bottom caps which:

                (A)  comprise disc-shaped components from 75 mm to 400 mm in
                     diameter; and

                (B)  fit at the ends of a rotor tube; and

                (C)  contain uranium hexafluoride within the rotor tube; and

                (D)  support, retain or contain as an integrated part, an
                     element of the top cap; and

                (E)  carry the rotating elements of the motor and bottom cap;
                     and

                (F)  are manufactured from a high strength to density ratio
                     material;

   (b)  static components as follows:

        (i)    magnetic suspension bearing assemblies:

                (A)  manufactured from UF6-resistant materials; and

                (B)  consisting of an angular magnet suspended within a
                     housing containing a damping medium;

        (ii)   bearings and dampers, which comprise a pivot and cup assembly
               mounted on a damper where:

                (A)  the pivot is a hardened steel shaft polished into a
                     hemisphere at one end with a means of attachment to the
                     bottom cap; and

                (B)  the cup has a hemispherical indentation in one surface;

        (iii)  molecular pumps, being cylinders that have:

                (A)  internally machined or extruded helical grooves; and

                (B)  internally machined bores of from 75 mm to 400 mm
                     internal diameter; and

                (C)  a wall thickness of at least 10 mm; and

                (D)  a 1:1 length to diameter ratio;

        (iv)   motor stators, being ring-shaped stators that:

                (A)  are especially designed or prepared for high-speed
                     multiphase AC hysteresis motors for synchronous operation
                     within a vacuum in the frequency range of 600-2000 Hz and
                     a power range of 50-1000 VA; and

                (B)  consist of multi-phase windings on a laminated low-loss
                     iron core comprising layers not more than 2.0 mm in
                     thickness. 7.2 Auxiliary systems, equipment and
                     components especially designed or prepared for use in, or
                     in connection with, gas centrifuge enrichment plants, as
                     follows:

   (a)  feed systems, and product and tails withdrawal systems, wholly made of
        or lined with UF6-resistant materials for trapping uranium
        hexafluoride into containers, including:

        (i)    feed autoclaves (or stations), suitable for passing uranium
               hexafluoride to the centrifuge cascades:

                (A)  at not more than 100 kPa pressure; and

                (B)  at a rate of at least 1 kg/h;

        (ii)   desublimers (or cold traps), capable of being chilled to 203 K
               and heated to 343 K, suitable for removing uranium hexafluoride
               from the cascades at not more than 3 kPa pressure;

   (b)  piping systems and header systems, suitable for handling uranium
        hexafluoride within the centrifuge cascades, wholly made of, or lined
        with, UF6-resistant materials;

   (c)  uranium hexafluoride mass spectrometers and ion sources, including
        magnetic or quadrupole mass spectrometers, suitable for taking on-line
        samples of feed, product or tails from uranium hexafluoride gas
        streams, with the following characteristics:

        (i)    unit resolution for mass greater than 320 atomic mass units;
               and

        (ii)   ion sources made of, or lined with, nichrome or monel that are
               nickel plated; and

        (iii)  electron bombardment ionisation sources; and

        (iv)   a collector system suitable for isotopic analysis;

   (d)  frequency changers (also known as converters or invertors) or parts,
        components and sub-assemblies of frequency changers, to supply motor
        stators as mentioned in subparagraph 7.1 (b) (iv), with the following
        characteristics:

        (i)    a multiphase output, of not less than 600 Hz and not more than
               2000 Hz;

        (ii)   high stability, with frequency control better than 0.1%;

        (iii)  harmonic distortion of less than 2%; and

        (iv)   an efficiency of more than 80%. 7.3 Assemblies and components
               especially designed or prepared for use in gaseous diffusion
               enrichment, as follows:

   (a)  porous filters, having a pore size of 100 to 1,000 angstroms and a
        thickness of 5 mm or less (or for tubular forms, a diameter of 25 mm
        or less), made of metallic, polymer or ceramic materials resistant to
        corrosion by uranium hexafluoride;

   (b)  compounds and powders for the manufacture of porous filters mentioned
        in paragraph (a), being compounds and powders that:

        (i)    are composed of:

                (A)  nickel; or

                (B)  alloys containing at least 60% nickel; or

                (C)  aluminium oxide: or

                (D)  UF6-resistant fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers
                     having a purity of at least 99.9%; and

        (ii)   have a particle size less than 10 microns;

   (c)  diffuser housings especially designed or prepared for containing the
        gaseous diffusion barrier and suitable for horizontal or vertical
        installation, which are:

        (i)    hermetically sealed cylindrical vessels:

                (A)  greater than 300 mm in diameter; and

                (B)  greater than 900 mm in length; or

        (ii)   rectangular vessels of dimensions comparable to vessels
               mentioned in subparagraph (i) which have:

                (A)  an inlet connection; and

                (B)  two outlet connections, each of which is greater than 50
                     mm in diameter; made from, or lined with, UF6-resistant
                     materials;

   (d)  axial, centrifugal, or positive displacement compressors and gas
        blowers (including separate assemblies of compressors and gas blowers)
        with the following characteristics:

        (i)    a suction volume capacity of at least 1 m3/min of uranium
               hexafluoride;

        (ii)   a ratio of outlet pressure to inlet pressure of not less than
               2:1 and not more than 6:1;

        (iii)  made of, or lined with, UF6-resistant materials; and

   (iv) especially designed or prepared for long-term operation in a uranium
        hexafluoride environment, with or without an electrical motor of
        appropriate power;

   (e)  rotary shaft vacuum seals, especially designed or prepared for use
        with compressors or gas blowers described in paragraph (d), having
        seal feed and seal exhaust connections suitable:

        (i)    for sealing the shaft connecting the compressor or the gas
               blower rotor with the driver motor, against in-leaking of air
               into the inner chamber (of the compressor or gas blower)
               containing uranium hexafluoride;

        (ii)   for a buffer gas in-leakage rate of less than 1000 m3/min;

   (f)  heat exchangers, especially designed or prepared for cooling uranium
        hexafluoride, having a leakage pressure change rate of less than 10
        Pa/h under a pressure differential of 100 kPa, made of or lined with:

        (i)    UF6-resistant materials (except stainless steel); or

        (ii)   copper; or

        (iii)  any combination of the metals referred to in subparagraphs (i)
               and (ii). 7.4 Auxiliary systems, equipment and components,
               especially designed or prepared for use in gaseous diffusion
               enrichment, as follows:

   (a)  feed systems, and product and tails withdrawal systems, especially
        designed or prepared for operation at pressures of 300 kPa or less,
        including:

        (i)    feed autoclaves (or systems), suitable for passing uranium
               hexafluoride to the gaseous diffusion cascades;

        (ii)   desublimers (or cold traps) suitable for removing uranium
               hexafluoride from diffusion cascades;

        (iii)  liquefaction stations suitable for compressing and cooling
               uranium hexafluoride gas from the cascade to form a liquid;

        (iv)   product, or tails, stations suitable for transferring uranium
               hexafluoride into containers;

   (b)  piping systems and header systems especially designed or prepared for
        handling uranium hexafluoride within the gaseous diffusion cascades;

   (c)  vacuum systems, especially designed or prepared for use in atmospheres
        containing uranium hexafluoride, made of, or lined with, aluminium,
        nickel or alloys containing more than 60% by weight of nickel
        including:

        (i)    vacuum manifolds and vacuum headers; and

        (ii)   vacuum pumps having a suction capacity of 5 m3/min or more:

                (A)  whether rotary or positive; or

                (B)  with or without displacement and fluorocarbon seals; and

                (C)  with or without special working fluids;

   (d)  manual, or automated, shut-off and control bellows valves that:

        (i)    are made of UF6-resistant materials; and

        (ii)   have a diameter of 40 mm to 1.5 m; and

        (iii)  are especially designed or prepared for installation in main
               and auxiliary systems of gaseous diffusion enrichment plants;

   (e)  mass spectrometers and ion sources, including magnetic or quadrupole
        mass spectrometers, that:

        (i)    are especially designed or prepared for taking on-line samples
               of feed, product or tails from uranium hexafluoride gas
               streams: and

        (ii)   have:

                (A)  a unit resolution for mass greater than 320 atomic units;
                     and

                (B)  ion sources that are made of, or lined with, nichrome or
                     monel or that are nickel plated; and

                (C)  electron bombardment ionisation sources; and

                (D)  a collector system suitable for isotopic analysis. 7.5
                     Jet nozzle separation units especially designed or
                     prepared for use in plant and equipment for the
                     separation of isotopes of uranium. 7.6 Vortex separation
                     units especially designed or prepared for use in plant
                     and equipment for the separation of isotopes of uranium.
PART 8-PLANT AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HEAVY
WATER, DEUTERIUM AND DEUTERIUM COMPOUNDS 8.1 Water-hydrogen sulphide exchange
towers that are:

   (a)  especially designed or prepared for heavy water production by the
        water-hydrogen sulphide exchange process; and

   (b)  fabricated from fine carbon steel with a corrosion allowance of at
        least 6 mm; and

   (c)  capable of operating at a pressure of at least 2 MPa. 8.2 Single
        stage, low head (0.2 MPa) centrifugal blowers or compressors for the
        circulation of hydrogen sulphide gas that:

   (a)  are especially designed or prepared for production of heavy water by
        the exchange process utilising water and hydrogen sulphide; and

   (b)  have a throughput capacity of at least 56 m3/second of at least 1.8
        MPa suction; and

   (c)  have seals designed for wet hydrogen sulphide service. 8.3
        Ammonia-hydrogen exchange towers, especially designed or prepared for
        heavy water production utilising the ammonia-hydrogen exchange
        process, that are:

   (a)  at least 35 m in height; and

   (b)  between 1.5 m and 2.5 m (inclusive) in diameter; and

   (c)  capable of operating at a pressure greater than 15 MPa; and

   (d)  made with at least one flanged axial opening, of the same diameter as
        the cylindrical part of the tower, for use in inserting and
        withdrawing tower internals. 8.4 Hydrogen distillation plants, as
        follows:

   (a)  hydrogen cryogenic distillation towers and cold boxes designed for
        operation below 35 K; and

   (b)  turboexpanders or turboexpander-compressor sets designed for operation
        below 35 K. 8.5 Tower internals, and stage pumps, especially designed
        or prepared for use in, or in connection with, towers for the
        production of heavy water by the ammonia-hydrogen exchange process,
        including:

   (a)  stage contactors especially designed to promote intimate contact
        between gas and liquid; and

   (b)  submersible pumps especially designed for the circulation of liquid
        ammonia within an ammonia-hydrogen exchange tower. 8.6 Ammonia
        crackers that:

   (a)  are especially designed or prepared for production of heavy water by
        the ammonia-hydrogen exchange process; and

   (b)  have an operating pressure of at least 3 MPa. 8.7 Infrared absorption
        analysers capable of on-line analysis of the ratio of hydrogen to
        deuterium where deuterium concentrations are at least 90%. 8.8
        Catalytic burners especially designed or prepared for production of
        heavy water from enriched deuterium gas by means of the
        ammonia-hydrogen exchange process.
PART 9-SOFTWARE 9.1 Software especially designed or modified for the
development, production or use of equipment or materials mentioned in any item
of this Schedule.
PART 10-POWER GENERATING OR PROPULSION EQUIPMENT 10.1 Power generating or
propulsion equipment especially designed for use with military, space, marine
or mobile nuclear reactors.
PART 11-INFORMATION 11.1 Documents that:

   (a)  contain information about the development, production or use of goods
        specified in this Schedule; and

   (b)  are not lawfully available, within or outside Australia, to the public
        or a section of the public. 11.2 Models or any other thing from which
        information in relation to which item 11.1 applies can be obtained.