Commonwealth Numbered Regulations - Explanatory Statements

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EXTRADITION (POLAND) REGULATIONS 1999 1999 NO. 203

EXPLANATORY STATEMENT

STATUTORY RULES 1999 No. 203

Issued by the Authority of the Minister for Justice and Customs

Extradition Act 1988

Extradition (Poland) Regulations 1999

Section 55 of the Extradition Act 1988 ("the Act") provides that the Governor-General may make regulations prescribing all matters required or permitted by the Act to be prescribed or necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to the Act. Paragraph 11(1)(a) of the Act provides that regulations may apply the Act to a specified extradition country subject to such limitations, conditions, exceptions or qualifications as are necessary to give effect to a bilateral extradition treaty between Australia and that country, being a treaty a copy of which is set out in the regulations.

The Regulations give effect in Australian domestic law to the Treaty between Australia and the Republic of Poland on Extradition, signed at Canberra on 3 June 1998 ("the Treaty"). In accordance with the Government's policy of greater parliamentary involvement in Australia's treaty-making processes, the Treaty was tabled in Parliament, together with a National Interest Analysis (NIA), on 30 June 1998. The Joint Standing Committee on Treaties tabled its favourable report on the Treaty on 23 March 1999.

On 3 August 1999 Poland notified the Australian Embassy in Warsaw, in accordance with Article 17 of the Treaty, that its domestic constitutional requirements for the Treaty's entry into force had been complied with. Australia's requirement for the Treaty's entry into force was the making of these Regulations. The Treaty enters into force 30 days after the date on which the Contracting States have notified each other in writing that their respective requirements for the entry into force of the Treaty have been complied with. Poland will be notified on 2 November 1999 that Australia's requirements for the Treaty's entry into force have been complied with. Thirty days after that date, that is on 2 December 1999, the Treaty will enter into force. Accordingly, 2 December 1999 is also the commencement date of the Regulations.

Extradition between Australia and Poland has hitherto been governed by the Treaty between Great Britain and the Republic of Poland for the Mutual Extradition of Fugitive Criminals done at Warsaw on 11 January 1932 ("the inherited Treaty"). The inherited Treaty was initially given effect in Australia by a British Order in Council applying the Extradition Acts, 1870 to 1935 (Imp) in the case of Poland (Order in Council 1934 No. 209). Subsequently, the operation of the inherited Treaty in Australian law has been continued by virtue of section 9 of the former Extradition (Foreign States) Act 1966 and subsection 11 (3) of the Extradition Act 1988. On the commencement of these Regulations applying the Extradition Act to Poland by virtue of subsection 11 (1), the Act will cease to apply to Poland by virtue of subsection 11(3). (For the purposes of international law the Treaty provides, in Article 17 paragraph 2, that on its entry into force the inherited Treaty shall cease to be in force between Australia and Poland.)

As with all of Australia's extradition treaties, the extradition treaty with Poland contains all the internationally accepted human rights safeguards which are now a part of modem extradition. Under the Treaty, extradition will not be permitted where the fugitive is sought for or in connection with his or her race, religion, nationality or political opinions or would be tried, sentenced or detained for a political or military law offence. In addition, extradition may be refused where the fugitive could be liable to the death penalty, unless an undertaking is given by the requesting state that the death penalty will not be carried out.

Details of the Regulations are as follows:

Regulation 1 names the Regulations.

Regulation 2 provides that the Regulations commence on 2 December 1999. which is the date on which it is intended the Treaty will enter into force between Australia and Poland.

Regulation 3 declares Poland to be an extradition country.

Regulation 4 provides that the Extradition Act 1988 applies to Poland subject to the Treaty.

Schedule 1 sets out the text of the Treaty.


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